1 Small, E. 1979. The Species Problem in Cannabis. Corpus, Canada.

2 Hopkins, J. F. 1951. A History of the Hemp Industry in Kentucky. University of Kentucky Press, Lexington. p.113

3 His diaries record the removal of male plants from the hempseed production fields which has led some to speculate that he was attempting to grow seedless(high potency) marijuana. This is not the case. It is common practice in hempseed production to remove all but a few male plants to reduce competition with the seed bearing females. There is no evidence George smoked his crop or that the European fiber hemp he grew had psychoactive potential. Quite the contrary.

4 Mitchell, R. D. 1973. Agricultural Change and the American Revolution: A Virginia Case Study. Agricultural History 43:130n.

5 Hopkins, J. F. 1951. A History of the Hemp Industry in Kentucky. University of Kentucky Press, Lexington.

6 Bidwell, P. W. and J. I. Falconer. 1941. History of Agriculture in the Northern United States: 1620-1860. Carnegie Inst. Washington, D.C. p.365.

7 Presidential Executive Order 12919. June 4, 1994. Oil from the hempseed has been specified by the military as a lubricant for particular weaponry.

8 The winter season is represented on the dome of the Paris, Kentucky, courthouse by a depiction of hemp breaking.

9 Hopkins, p. 195

10 Dodge, C. A. 1890. The Hemp Industry. USDA Division of Statistics 1: 64-74.

11 Oliver, J. W. 1956. History of American Technology. The Ronald Press Co. p. 366.

12 Dodge, p.68.

13 USDA. 1902. USDA. Yearbk of Agric. p. 23.

14 One was at Viroqua, the hometown of the-by then-late Jeremiah Rusk, and others of lesser note.

15Wright, Andrew. 1918. Wisconsin's Hemp Industry. Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin # 293.p. 8.

16 Wright, p.5.

17 The 1913 article has been reproduced and published in E. Rosenthal,ed., Hemp Today, 1994, Quick American Archives, Oakland, CA.

18 Dewey, L. H. 1901. The Hemp Industry in the United States. USDA Yearbk of Agric. p.554.

19 An unfortunate aspect of this introduction appears to have been the importation of a weed known as "broom-rape" which is parasitic on hemp roots. The seed is similar in size to hempseed and can be disseminated with hempseed if care is not taken in the seed fields.

20 Dewey, L. H. 1943 Fiber Production in the Western Hemisphere. USDA Misc. Publ. no. 518.

21 Small (1979) contrasts the hollowness of fiber vs non-fiber (psychoactive) types of Cannabis, which he illustates in this book. The author (DW) has confirmed the persistence of the large lumen in feral stands of Wisconsin hemp which were undergoing eradication.

22 Bocsa, I. 1995. Interview. J. International Hemp Assn. 1(2):61-3.

23 USDA. Bureau of Plant Industry. 1917. Report of the Chief. p. 12.

24 USDA. Bureau of Plant Industry. 1918. Report of the Chief. p. 28. Water-retted hemp from Italy was the standard for quality fiber.

25 USDA. Bureau of Plant Industry. 1919. Report of the Chief. p. 21.

26 USDA. Bureau of Plant Industry. 1920. Report of the Chief. p. 26.A detailed description of four varieties developed by Lyster Dewey's federal hemp breeding program is included in the 1927 Yearbook of Agriculture.

27 van der Werf, H. 1994. The Crop Physiology of Fibre Hemp. Wageningen, The Netherlands.

28 USDA. 1929. Bureau of Plant Industry, Annual Report. p. 27.

29 Dewey, L. H. 1931. Hemp fiber losing ground, despite its valuable qualities. USDA Yearbk of Agric. p. 285.

30 West, D.P. 1994.Fiber Wars:The Extinction of Kentucky Hemp In, E. Rosenthal, ed. Hemp Today. Quick American Archives, Oakland CA.

31 Hemp and flax-although botanically unrelated-have very similar fibers and almost identical drying oils (oils high in linolenic acid) in their seed.

32 Fite, G. C. 1984. Cotton Fields No More: Southern Agriculture 1865-1980. The University of Kentucky Press.

33 USDA. 1935. Annual Reports of the Department of Agriculture, p.6.

34 Herer, J. 1994. The Emperor Wears No Clothes. Queen of Spades Publ. Kaplan, J. 1970. Marijuana: The New Prohibition. World Publ. Co.

35 Small, 1979.

36 Pate, D. 1983. Possible role of ultraviolet radiation in evolution of Cannabis chemotypes. Econ. Bot. 37:396-405.

37 Watt, George. 1889. Dictionary of the Economic Products of India. Calcutta 2:105.

38 USDA. 1938. Bureau of Plant Industry, Annual Report, p. 7.

39 Clark, R. C. 1981. Marijuana Botany. Ronin Publ. Berkeley, CA. Based on Small, E. and H. D. Beckstead. 1973. Cannabinoid phenotypes in Cannabis sativa. Nature 245:147-148.

40 Clarke, R. C. and D. W. Pate. 1994. Medical marijuana. J. International Hemp Assoc. 1:9.

41 Small, 1979

42 Mauersberger, H. R. 1947. Matthews' Textile Fibers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., London.

43 Karus, M. and G. Leson. 1994. Hemp research and market development in Germany. J. International Hemp Assoc. 2:15-19.

44 Haynes, Williams. 1958. Cellulose, The Chemical that Grows.

45 Andrew Wright, addressing the 1938 Marihuana Conference.

46 Wirtshafter, D. 1994. The Schlicten Papers. The Ohio Hempery.

47 Marihuana Conference, p. 31.

48 From papers delivered at the Conference on Alternative Oilseed and Fiber Crops for the Cool and Wet Regions of Europe, Wageningen, The Netherlands, April 7-8, 1994.

49 Reichert, G. 1994. AgCanada BiWeekly Bulletin: Hemp 7:23.

50 Lotz, L. A., P. R. M. W. Groeneveld, B. Habekotte, and H. van Oene. 1991. Reduction of growth and reproduction of Cyperus esculentus by specific crops. Weed Research 31:153-160.

51 Kok, C. J. and G. C. M. Coenen. 1994. Reproduction of Meloidogyne chitwoodii on alternative crops. Proc. Alternative oilseed and fibre crops for cool and wet regions of Europe. Wageningen, The Netherlands. Ap. 7-8, 1994.

52 Mankowski, J., L. Grabowska and P. Baraniecki. Hemp and flax cultivated on soil polluted with heavy metals. Proc. Alternative oilseed and fibre crops for cool and wet regions of Europe. Wageningen, The Netherlands. Ap. 7-8, 1994.

53 Bocsa, I. IHA

54 Hessler, L. E. 1947. The effect of fertilizers on the chemical composition and quality of dew-retted hemp fiber. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 39:812-816.

55 Van der Werf, H. 1994. The Crop Physiology of Hemp. Wageningen.

56 Dempsey, J. M. 1975. Fiber Crops. University of Florida Press.

57 Reichert, G. 1994. Hemp. Canadian Bi-Weekly Bulletin available online

58 Kozlowski, R. 1995. Bioresource Hemp. Frankfurt, Germany

59 Darsie, et al. 1914. Botanical Gazette 38:101.

60 Kenaf, which has a rough similarity to the Cannabis leaf, would be a better crop in which to hide marijuana. They wouldn't cross pollinate.